This paper is interested to evaluate the trade creation and trade diversion effect under the application of multi-level analytical framework. The main idea is to present an alternative group of indicators such as the trade mass (Т), the intra-regional and extra-regional trade trend ratio (R1),...

This research paper proposes a new indicator to evaluate the COVID-19 responds worldwide. This new indicator is entitled “The COVID-19 National Respond Index (CNR-Index)”. Basically, the CNR-Index is using five new indicators such as (i) the total recovered cases from COVID-19 marginal rate...

This research attempts to evaluate the impact of Brexit on the Asian markets. This research divided into two large markets: The international trade markets (exports and imports) and international financial markets (investment and stock markets) respectively. The main objective of this research...

This paper formulates a comprehensive pension fund framework for enhancing system capacity to manage economic and social risks. The National Social Protection Fund (NSPF) attempts to quantify informal sector, incorporated under a unified national protection scheme. The new protection mechanism...

This paper shows an elaborated model to try to stop the spread of COVID-19 cases everywhere and anytime. The main objective of this paper is to implement an alternative COVID-19 prevention model. This new model is entitled “the Free COVID-19 Areas (FCAs).” The FCA offers a serial of steps...

Researchers from different fields have attempted to explain regional integration using different theories and analytical tools. These theories and analytical tools typically visualize the regional integration process from the perspective of a single discipline, usually economics but also...