We study the dependence between the downside risk of European banks and insurers. Since the downside risk of banks and insurers differs, an interesting question from a supervisory point of view is the risk reduction that derives from diversification within large banks and financial...

A report by the Stockholm Environment Institute estimates that between US$363 billion to US$2.4 trillion have to be invested only to mitigate climate change (Tempest & Lazarus, 2014). This estimation demonstrates that the financial sector plays a central role in influencing sustainable...