Significant numbers of multinational corporations ("MNCs") from the European Union ("EU") operate in the African, Caribbean and Pacific ("ACP") countries. The ACP countries are attractive operational bases because of the enormous availability of raw materials, low cost of labour, and favourable...

The relationship between human rights law and international trade law has been a point of discussion for many years. An explicit reference to human rights is nowhere to be found in the WTO Agreement, but the ruling of the Appellate Body in the EC-Tariff Preferences case has made an important...

In this paper, I analyze the impact of international trade institutions on domestic coalition formation. I argue that the size of coalitions crucially depends on the degree of institutionalization and judicialization of international trade institutions. The traditional political instrument of...

This work seeks to analyze European efforts at promoting higher standards of IP protection and enforcement through border measures. In doing so, it traces the evolution of EC Regulation 1383/03 and identifies trends in its systemic enforcement against in-transit generic pharmaceuticals. The...

This paper argues that mutual recognition at the WTO, as a type of liberalism, must be embedded in a process of governance that has two components. First, mutual recognition can only take place to the extent of satisfactory essential harmonization: to the extent that states can legitimately...

It has become conventional wisdom that once the UK leaves the EU it will have to renegotiate core aspects of its WTO rights and obligations, and in particular its concessions under Article II of the GATT 1994 and Article XX of the GATS. This article argues that, on the contrary, based on WTO...

In this Project Paper, Ambassador Nguyen Guy Binh brings alive Vietnam’s transition from a controlled economy to a market-based economy. For him, this is not just a period of scholarly interest, but one where the people of Vietnam went from not having enough food to eat, to having food,...

This chapter examines the thesis that regulatory policies treated in regional trade agreements have an inherently WTO multilateral character, as they are designed and applied on a most-favoured nation (MFN) basis. It surveys general transparency and dispute settlement provisions and selected WTO...