segmented diverse countries around the world. The information it conveys is better characterized as the extent of the economic …

investigate productivity effects for a given firm resulting from the import or export of intermediate inputs by domestic upstream … productivity. Further, our results highlight two common, but important, misspecification biases: ignoring the dynamic nature of … productivity and estimating a value-added instead of a gross-output production function …

exchange rate (REER), on the one hand, and trade openness, trade balance, the terms of trade, factor productivity, and exchange … depreciation of the REER. The other variables considered in the analysis-factor productivity, trade balance, terms of trade, and …

This paper discusses the issue whether developing countries forego chances in world manufactured markets by protecting …

small losses to Armenia primarily due to a loss of productivity from lost varieties of technologies from the Rest of the … World region in manufactured products. Additional gains can be expected in the long run from an improvement in the … productivity effects …

small losses to Armenia primarily due to a loss of productivity from lost varieties of technologies from the Rest of the … World region in manufactured products. Additional gains can be expected in the long run from an improvement in the … productivity effects …