On the issue of bank's diversification literature usually refers to revenue mix, geographical markets and M&A deals. This paper aims to fill a gap by investigating diversification in terms of different business combinations (carrying out activities in different client front-end businesses). More...

Background. By decoupling economic growth from an intensive use of resources, preventing the impairment of natural capital, and enhancing resilience to system-wide shocks, Circular Economy (CE) is a powerful opportunity for economic agents willing to hedge against “sustainability” risk...

As a response to a growing demand for sustainability-related information, companies are expanding and improving their non-financial disclosure. Moreover, both investors and regulators are becoming increasingly aware of how relevant the circular economy (CE) is to deliver on sustainable...

Circular Economy (CE) offers effective hedging of linear risks, shields financial actors from the risk of stranded values and promises to ensure persistent performance of businesses and portfolios without compromising financial returns. We tested these hypotheses of de-risking (H1) and superior...