volatility of carbon emissions, it is not surprising that crude oil and coal have recently become a very important research topic …. For the USA, daily spot and futures prices are available for crude oil and coal, but there are no daily spot or futures … causality and volatility spillovers in spot and futures prices of carbon emissions, crude oil, and coal. A likelihood ratio test …

US dairy futures markets of milk, butter, cheese, and dry whey exhibit unique volatility patterns under the Federal … information is released. The price information uncertainty has a strong positive impact on price volatility across all dairy … commodities. We provide evidence that the COVID-19 pandemic increases the volatility for dairy commodities. It also reduces the …

Energy futures have become important as alternative investment assets to minimize the volatility of portfolio return …