In this paper it is showed that the yield curve of the European Central Bank (ECB) does not satisfy the no arbitrage conditions. To construct a no-arbitrage yield curve, we need to add one more term to yield curve. As the state variables, it is necessary to choose a four-dimensional diffusion...

In this paper, we examine whether financial spillovers from the European Central Bank's monetary policy have consequences for the effectiveness of domestic monetary policy in three small open economies (SOEs) that are highly integrated with the European (Monetary) Union: Denmark, Norway, and...

This article assesses the communication of the European Central Bank (ECB) using Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques. We show the evolution of discourse over time and capture the main themes of interest for the central bank that go beyond its traditional mandate of maintaining price...

The exchange rate is an important part of the transmission mechanism in the determination of monetary policy because movements in the exchange rate have significant effect on the macroeconomy. It can be difficult to measure the reaction of monetary policy to the movements of the exchange rate,...