This paper examines the institutional design of the EU European and Monetary Union. Specifically, it analyses five different institutions that have been set up in the post-financial crisis period, namely the three European Supervisory Authorities (ESMA, EBA and EIOPA), the European Financial...

From the onset of the 2007-2009 crisis, the Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank have aggressively lowered interest rates. Both sets of changes are at odds with an anti-inflationary stance of monetary policy; indeed, as the crisis began in August 2007 inflation expectations were high...

This paper analyzes the last financial crisis in the perspective of financial innovation focussing on the dynamics of systemic externalities in banking. After discussing the peculiar nature of banking and its external effects to society, it shows that one major determinant of the financial...

The Capital Markets Union is the European Commission's latest policy initiative in the capital markets field. It is a project in the making. Much of it remains to be spelled out and fleshed out. However, the first elements of a future CMU are slowly beginning to emerge. The aim of this paper is...

The Capital Markets Union (CMU) is one of the flagship policy initiatives of the Juncker Commission. The Commission's strategy for realizing a CMU is set out in its White Paper on building a CMU. Besides describing the Commission's vision of a CMU, the white paper includes an action plan which...