The conflict between Russia and Ukraine that started in March 2014 resulted in bilateral economic sanctions imposed by … Russia and Western countries, including the members of the euro area (EA). The paper investigates the impact of sanctions on … the real side of the economy of Russia and the EA. Using an index that measures intensity of sanctions the effects of …

humanitarian crisis at its borders provoked by Russia's military aggression against Ukraine. The EU launched a massive 'geoeconomic …' response in the shape of several packages of economic and financial sanctions. This policy report investigates and compares the … warfare'. Based on an analysis of the opportunities and challenges at various phases of the 'sanctions policy cycle', the …