A significant quantity of global merchandise trade takes place under one of two sets of preferential rules of origin (ROO), either those of the European Union, the so‐called Pan‐ European Cumulation System (PECS) or those generally preferred by the United States, as manifested in free trade...

This paper exams two mega-regional FTAs under negotiation at the time of writing, namely the Trans-Pacific Partnership and the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership, and exams what the implications may be - particularly of new rules in regulatory sectors hitherto untouched by...

This paper looks at different elements within the negotiated text of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) Agreement that govern various aspects of the digital economy and seeks to appraise the possibility for these rules to serve as a set of generally applicable benchmarks for future trade rules...

This paper has been prepared for the Islamic Development Bank's Seminar on WTO Accession Issues for selected OIC Member Countries, taking place on 28 -29 March 2006, in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. It offers a detour from the well-trodden ground of WTO accession procedures and the challenges acceding...

The global health crisis that came to be known as the COVID-19 pandemic and started to sweep across the world in early 2020 revealed many vulnerabilities in the economic, social, and political fabric underpinning what much of the world had come to accept as normal. In ways that we are still...

Slowly but steadily Syria is emerging from several decades of economic seclusion. Syria currently finds itself in a period of cautious albeit unprecedented engagement with the global economy. These efforts are personified in terms of greater engagement within the region, manifested by its...