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archetype ways in which MaaS could be operationalized: Integrator, Platform, and Intermediary. We find that these models differ …. Regulation of the price that the MaaS firm has to pay may further lower prices, but compared to the Integrator the difference is … or higher. The Platform tends to lead to an outcome that is relatively close to Free Competition without Maas: prices can …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012262365
Like other network industries, the European gas supply industry has been liberalised, along the lines of what has been done in the United Kingdom and the United States, by opening up to competition the upstream and downstream segments of essential transmission infrastructure. The aim of this...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011610385
This paper explores, both theoretically and empirically, the impact of granting antitrust immunity (ATI) to airline alliances in a novel and realistic framework characterized by vertically-differentiated air services. Our theoretical model suggests that non-ATI alliances produce an up-market...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012898485
competition. -- Competition ; Investment ; Investment incentives ; Technical Progress ; Regulation …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009567869
We formally link insurance markets with product markets and identify a demand effect of insurance: if risk-averse consumers can buy insurance against possible product failure, there will be some additional consumers that buy the product because they can also purchase protection. The concomitant...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012907682
The literature shows that horizontal shareholding engenders significant anticompetitive effects and that no suitable instrument exists within European competition law which reliably and effectively can be applied to curtail such intrinsic effects. This Article analyses several proposals which...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012888878
In this article, we discuss the specific economic mechanisms underlying how mergers might affect the merging parties' incentives to innovate ex post. We then discuss these mechanisms in the context of several illustrative merger reviews and challenges brought by U.S. and EU antitrust authorities...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012897337
We develop and test the effectiveness of a theoretical governance model for general purpose payment systems (GPPS), systems that are used by individuals, businesses and merchants, and state, local and federal government entities to make and receive payments. We test for effective governance...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013049564
Common ownership fundamentally upsets the well-settled merger enforcement ecosystem. Not only it challenges basic principles informing merger policy such as the presumed profitability of mergers for the merging firms and the merger-specificity of potential efficiencies but also it works against...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013234688
The aim of this article is to explore the most recent appeals concerning illegal cartels under Article 101 TFEU by revealing the relevant principles underpinning both the substantive and the procedural review of price-fixing agreements. Arguments advancing a perceived ‘criminalisation' of the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013031560