This paper investigates whether banks respond differently to supervisory guidance than to specific regulatory action. Using a sample of subsidiaries of European banks operating in developing countries, the study exploits the sequencing in the supervisory and regulatory implementation of a reform...

"This book provides a detailed analytical assessment of merger and acquisition phenomenon in banking. It advances the prior literature focusing on some specific aspects that have been investigated by only limited previous analysis. It assesses the effect produced by M&A transactions on bank...

This paper examines how external foreign trade reacts to the European Central Bank’s (ECB) Official Discount Rate, considering exports to the US and Japan in EU27 and in four European countries. Although many previous studies have measured the cointegration and causality among exchange rate,...

Central banks' commitment to public interest goes beyond monetary policy. A wide range of areas are under the control of central banks (price and financial stability, services for the economy, e.g., economic analysis, payments, financial education, customer protection); central banks also have...

A poor risk culture was one cause of the financial crisis. Surprisingly, there is no evidence of the link between risk culture and bank stability. Using a large sample of European banks from 2004 to 2014, our paper shows that a sound risk culture leads to better performance. Our research design...

The euro area, the countries that have adopted the euro, is converging some more towards a banking union. Starting from November 2014, the European Central Bank has become the single supervisor of euro zone banks calling for a more integrated supervision. Despite the on-going process, there are...