Most competition authorities in the world (in Europe, in particular) impose a suboptimal level of fines. In this paper two attempting explanations are proposed, based on accountability strategies and career concerns of governing bodies of these agencies. In order to compensate the distortion in...

The 2008 Non-Horizontal Merger Guidelines of the European Commission did not entirely succeed in supplying a plausible theory of harm regarding those mergers that cause competitive concerns, because of what could be optimistically considered only a misleading wording. This is mainly due to the...

The Microsoft case (U.S. vs Microsoft, 1998) is paradigmatic of some of the most important features of an antitrust case, like the definition of the relevant market, the detection of the market power and of its abuse. In the software industry, as the companies are competing on the standard of...

The Microsoft case (U.S. vs Microsoft, 1998) is paradigmatic of some of the most important features of an antitrust case, like the definition of the relevant market, the detection of the market power and of its abuse. In the software industry, as the companies are competing on the standard of...