The E.U. is shortly before implementing the Digital Markets Act (DMA), which aims to regulate digital markets and (ideally) rein in the power of big tech gatekeepers. Several researchers claim that this proposal – and especially its goal to ensure the contestability and fairness of digital...

This paper approaches the topic of ‘big tech’ and antitrust from a unique business-ethics (and history of economic thought) perspective. That is, it analyzes the business conduct of Amazon, Apple, Facebook, and Google – and the corresponding antitrust concerns – from an ordoliberal...