toward minorities. First, Turkey transfers minority policies in responding to European Union pressures and demands. Turkey … changes the accession process might encourage in its traditional minority regime. Therefore, the governments employed … restrictive measures in minority rights in the domestic scene. The political space of Turkey has been ethnically restrictive which …

We examine the heterogeneous impacts of foreign language use at work on earnings of both native-born workers and … 2001. Our findings are the following. First, for native-born workers with a tertiary diploma, using a foreign language at …, returns to foreign language use at work is highly complementary to education. Foreign language users below the upper secondary …