Eligible candidates and procedural steps to accession -- The Copenhagen criteria : efforts required before and after accession -- Instruments of the pre-accession strategy : from Agenda 2000 to date -- Accession treaties : transitional arrangements and other means to ease the impact of enlargement

The European Union has been prizing itself for being the global leader in terms of climate change; its triptych approach and the 20-20-20 targets were certainly an enviable effort prior to the United Nations Convention. However, with the economic crisis having left its mark, there has been a...

While one is hard-pressed to name an industry that has not jumped on the nanotechnology bandwagon, the makers of cosmetics and sunscreens have capitalized on nanotechnology more aggressively than any other. The appeal of using nano-sized particles in sunscreens and cosmetics rather than their...

Since the establishment of its original mandate as a purely economic union, the competences of the European Union have rapidly expanded, not least in the area of environmental policy making. This increase in competency areas has also affected the accession conditions for Turkey – the necessity...

Despite existence of several routes allowing access to cross-border healthcare, within the Maltese context, actual access to such care is de facto limited to the possibilities provided for by the cooperation agreement between Malta and the United Kingdom. Nevertheless, in light of its membership...

The national customs services of the twenty-seven EU Member States are playing a crucial role for the preparation of the admission of further states to the European Union (EU) by helping to build structures and teach the EU Customs Law in order to enable candidate states to apply the acquis...

Just when the European patent community finally expected the Agreement on the Unified Patent Court (UPCA) and the Unitary Patent Regulation (UPR) to enter into force soon, the UK electorate voted in favour of “Brexit”. Among a host of other issues this raises the question of whether the UK...

The policy paper contains written evidence on the effects of Brexit on competition law in the UK submitted by Ioannis Lianos, Deni Mantzari, Florian Wagner von Papp, and Florence Thepot to the EU Internal Market Lords Select Sub-Committee, which was published on the Parliament website.The report...

This paper analyzes the efficacy of EU interventions into the elimination of racial discrimination and improvement of labor market outcomes for racial and ethnic minorities in the EU, including the Race Equality Directive of 2000, soft law measures such as the Lisbon Strategy, the European...