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This paper analyzes the evolution of Competition law and policy in the recent new Member States of the European Union. Institutions and rules were established in these countries throughout the nineties and there is already some experience about their enforcement, with relevant implications for...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013131841
A substantial number of cartels in the European Union are detected and enforced by the national competition authorities (NCAs). The effectiveness of domestic enforcement has been subject to extensive review and debates, which have recently culminated and resulted in the proposal for the ECN+...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012868781
enforcement of Article 101 TFEU and Article 102 TFEU (antitrust proceedings) and under the EU Merger Regulation (merger control …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012849006
Under art.11 Regulation 1/2003, every national competition authority (NCA) of the EU Member States must notify the EU … decisions in that regard. The enforcement statistics for the first decade of Regulation 1/2003 indicate that the number of … powers of NCAs under art.5 Regulation 1/2003, as interpreted in the ECJ’s Tele2 Polska case law.The article shows how the ECJ …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014118479
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011299301
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011963757
Platforms acting as sales channels for producers often charge users for access, via a subscription fee or a markup on hardware. We compare two common forms of vertical pricing agreement that platforms use with sellers: per-unit and proportional fees. In particular, we analyze the critical role...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012826139
Track access charges are the main driver of infrastructure costs for rail operators in the rail transport sector, accounting for up to 88 percent of costs. This paper analyzes track access charges of 28 EU countries with the respective trajectories of the company forms employing panel...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014079482
Platforms acting as sales channels for producers often charge users for access, via a subscription fee or a markup on hardware. We compare two common forms of vertical pricing agreement that platforms use with sellers: per-­unit and proportional fees. In particular, we analyze the critical role...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014033182
Track access charges are the main driver of infrastructure costs for rail operators in the rail transport sector, accounting for up to 88 percent of costs. This paper analyzes track access charges of 28 EU countries with the respective trajectories of the company forms employing panel...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013330928