investigations on the effects of immigration from new EU member states and Eastern Partnership countries on the economies of old EU … EU member states on old member states' GDP, GDP per capita, and employment rate and a negative effect on output per …‐to‐labor ratio. These results mark an economic success of the EU enlargements and EU's free movement of workers. …

In order to be able to assess the future institutional relationship between the UK and the EU, this study organises the … hand, the extent of the Single Market access for the EU's current partners (incl. Norway, Switzerland and Canada), and on … the other, the concessions agreed by these partners with the EU with regard to free movement of people, relinquishment of …

At the end of June 1999 the intra-EU duty free shopping was abolished among the fifteen member nations. The opponents … of this resolution argued that such a tax-free sales sector created jobs EU-wide and hardly reduced the value added and … the travel fare within the EU but also could be characterised as a supplement to the normal retail trade for some products …