Current European integration very much focusses on harmonisation and convergence. This streamlining goes far beyond what is demanded by economic reasoning and turns out - as the euro crisis has demonstrated - to foster tensions among EU member states instead of promoting a flourishing common...

The objective of this paper is a presentation of results of an analysis of the Three Seas Initiative (TSI), whose participating countries (except Austria) treat it as a method of: a) reducing their dependence on crude oil and natural gas imports from Russia, thus increasing their energy...

Romania's position as one of the EU member states brought new challenges in terms of industrial policy, in order to respond to the necessity of bringing the competitiveness level of the Romanianeconomy close to the average level of the European states, by respecting the free trade principles of...

Mitten in der Griechenland-Krise haben die Präsidenten der fünf wichtigsten europäischen Institutionen Vorschläge für eine weitere Integration der Europäischen Währungsunion unterbreitet. Sie beziehen sich dabei auf die Wirtschafts-, Finanzmarkt- und Bankenunion und gehen sogar so weit,...

The EU is a relatively open economy and has benefited from the global multilateral system. We argue that the EU should defend its strategic interests with three steps. First, it should collaborate with partners around the world in defence of multilateralism. Second, it should establish deeper...

The aim of our paper is to contribute to the debate on optimal fiscal rules in a monetary union: in terms of global budgetary deficit, of structural budgetary deficit, or of public debt. Indeed, these rules seem to be mixed in the framework of the European Economic and Monetary Union, with the...

The global financial crisis which erupted in the United States instantaneously swept across Europe. Like the United States, the European Monetary Union (EMU) was ripe for a crash. It had its own real estate bubble, specifically in Ireland and Spain, indulged in excessive deficit spending,...

Seit Juni 2013 wird das transatlantische Freihandelsabkommen zwischen der EU und den USA verhandelt. Die Kritiker befürchten einen Abbau bestehender Standards im Umwelt- und Verbraucherschutz und bei den Arbeitnehmerrechten. Die Befürworter rechnen mit großen Wohlfahrtsgewinnen für beide...

Im November 2020 wurde das RCEP-Abkommen als größtes Freihandelsabkommen der Welt von Brunei, Kambodscha, Indonesien, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, den Philippinen, Singapur, Thailand, Vietnam sowie Australien, China, Japan, Neuseeland und Südkorea unterzeichnet. Bis Ende 2022 soll das Abkommen...

Brexit became an important subject not only for academics but also for international institutions, research centers and consultancy companies, think tanks and independent experts. The aim of this article is to: (1) provide a general approach of the literature; (2) see how the effects of Brexit...