This study examines empirically the information content of the euro area Bank Lending Survey for aggregate credit and output growth. The responses of the lending survey, especially those related to loans to enterprises, are a significant leading indicator for euro area bank credit and real GDP...

On the occasion of related proposals by the European Commission and the Eurogroup, this paper proposes to entrust the ESM with the hosting of the ESRB in the medium term. The novel proposal aims at strengthening the macro-prudential expertise of the ESM and at enhancing the independence of the...

While there are many methods to measure the competitiveness of an economy, most of these concepts ignore the fact that competitiveness can change not only because of market processes such as wage negotiation but also because of political decision making. Governments that compete with others for...

While there are many methods to measure the competitiveness of an economy, most of these concepts ignore the fact that competitiveness can change because of market processes like wage negotiation but also because of political decision-making. Governments that compete with others for factors of...

This paper aims to provide a retrospective assessment of Ukraine's state policy concerning state-owned banks and evaluate their impact on the sustainability of Ukraine's public finances. The research methodology employs an empirical study of the cash flow of public funds to state owned banks and...

In Europe, the balance between publicly owned and privately owned financialinstitutions varies through time and from country to country. Historically, nationalisations and privatisations have moved the balance backwards and forwards. So has the recent financial crisis. Mathias Schmit, Laurent...

Multi-agency financial stability committees (FSCs) have grown dramatically since the global financial crisis. However, most cannot direct actions or recommend to other agencies that they take actions, and most would influence policy actions only through convening and discussing risks. We...

In Europe, the balance between publicly owned and privately owned financial institutions varies through time and from country to country. Historically, nationalisations and privatisations have moved the balance backwards and forwards. So has the recent financial crisis. Mathias Schmit, Laurent...

The study analyses the impact of country’s governance factors on the financial behaviour and performance of financial intermediaries operating in European Union countries, by covering the period 2000-2017. Empirical evidence provided by the paper relies on a set of financial and political...

This article describes in some detail the properties of free market money and banking so as to contrast state-controlled central bank money and banking. It examines seven steps that government takes to replace the free market with central banking as it creates a banking system cartel. A number...