, innovation and economic growth. We provide empirical evidence that the reforms carried out under the EU Single Market Programme … (SMP) were associated with increased product market competition, as measured by a reduction in average profitability, and …

In the article, I focus on the goal of creating a single competitive European natural gas market. After a brief … the vision of the European Union for gas market liberalisation and its outcome. With the help of a case study from the … costs. The cause is the basic features - or the "nature" - of the gas market and the different institutional settings of …

approach is able to measure competition of bank market segments, such as the loan market, whereas many well-known measures of … competition can consider the entire banking market only. A caveat of the Boone-indicator may be that it assumes that banks … mentioned caveats in mind, our findings indicate that over the period 1994-2004 the US had the most competitive loan market …

The study analyses the price formation and market functionality of the Finnish food chain. A significant portion of the …

The study analyses the price formation and market functionality of the Finnish food chain. A significant portion of the …

product market competition and corporate governance. Consistent with the hypothesis that product market competition acts as a …

by volume traffic in local, mobile and international market segments, are attributed to regulatory process or to some …

industry at country and industry level, particularly: institutions, market size/demand level, market structure and investing … opened the market to private sector; however, no statistical evidence was found on the effect of political stability measured … by the democratic process. Further, the study has shown that market structure especially competition, and market size and …

One of the goals of the European Commission in the energy sector is creating a single competitive European market. The … attention to oil-linked pricing in long-term contracts and the consequences of market liberalisation/unbundling. We provide the … that next to basic conditions on the European gas market (import dependency on external gas producers) individual legal and …