Based on ordered Probit models and twenty years of euro area data, we estimate empirical reaction functions for the ECB's monetary policy and augment them with communication indicators. First, we find that the ECB responded to risks to price stability in line with its primary objective, and that...

This article compares two types of monetary policy rules - the Taylor-Rule and the Orphanides-Rule - with respect to their forecasting properties for the policy rates of the European Central Bank. In this respect the basic rules, results from estimated models and augmented rules are compared....

This paper examines the spillover effects of the U.S. Fed's and the European Central Bank (ECB)'s target interest rate news on the market returns and return volatilities of twelve stock markets in the Asia-Pacific region over the period 1999-2006. The news spillover effects on the returns are...