The Schengen Information System (SIS) is the key instrument within the Schengen cooperation. Under the threat of terrorism and international crime governments have tried to further develop this data system into the so-called SIS II by introducing new categories of data, broader access rights and...

This is one of three in-depth exploratory studies, which aim to gain a deeper understanding of the role that interoperability plays as an enabler of innovation and creativity in international trade. Each study explores the various institutions, policies and approaches that shape the...