This article analyses the competition impact of the implementation of two recent regulatory reforms aimed at boosting competition in retail banking by reducing consumer search and switching costs and empowering different business models whereby non-bank operators are able to compete with banks...

With two recent preliminary rulings regarding the interpretation to be given to a consumer contract term that allows the supplier in a contract of indeterminate duration unilaterally to alter the tariffs, the European Court of Justice has imposed an acceleration on the enforcement of EU rules...

The assessment of exclusionary abuses by dominant firms is by no means an easy task. This is particularly true for pricing abuses, as there is no clear-cut way of distinguishing a price cut that is abusive from one that instead is pro-competitive. We argue that there are several shortcomings in...

The assessment of exclusionary abuses by dominant firms is by no means an easy task. This is particularly true for pricing abuses, as there is no clear-cut way of distinguishing a price cut that is abusive from one that instead is pro-competitive. We argue that there are several shortcomings in...