Partly motivated by the recent antitrust investigations concerning Google, we develop a leverage theory of tying in two-sided markets. We analyze incentives for a monopolist to tie its monopolized product with another product in a two-sided market. Tying provides a mechanism to circumvent the...

In this paper, we discuss the main economic aspects of the European Microsoft case; in particular, Microsoft's refusal to supply the necessary information to make the competitors' work group server systems interoperable with Windows Operating System. The case can be seen as an example of...