substantial increases in antidumping and related forms of import protection: e.g., a 4 percent appreciation results in 60 - 90 … exercise, we document how the model's estimates imply that a 9 - 20 percent appreciation of China's real exchange rate vis …-a-vis the US dollar during the sample period would allow for China's exporters to have received the average import protection …

Since 1979, when the first antidumping case against China was initiated by the European Union, the EU has lodged nearly … 90 antidumping proceedings against China by the end of 2000. China by now, has become the country most accused of dumping … characteristics and the trends of EU antidumping actions against China over the past two decades and provides a comprehensive analysis …

over coated fine paper. As the EU gives a significant amount of subsidies to local production, China is not short of … small to inflict any injury on EU producers, and China holds less than 4% of the EU market; alleged subsidies through grants … market share. China directs most of its subsidies to strategic emerging industries, and even amongst these sectors only a …