The EC antitrust prohibitions are regularly invoked in private litigation as a shield. Private parties also play an important role in public antitrust enforcement through complaints to the competition authorities. However, in marked contrast with the situation in the US, private actions for...

The contributions of Foster (2005) and Halgreen (2004) are the latest in a series of debates, discussions, conferences, and academic scholarship on the subject of United States (US) and (or versus) European Union (EU) sport policy. In the context of international relations and foreign policy,...

After nearly twenty years and three quot;packagesquot; of regulations, air transport liberalization remains an unfinished project in the European Union. The so-called quot;third package,quot; which came into effect in January 1993, granted unprecedented market freedoms to EU carriers over their...

In 2016 and 2017, states continued their engagement with international investment law. A small minority of states displayed scepticism or tried to disengage themselves from their investment law obligations. This chapter addresses select institutional developments in international investment law...

The operationalisation in late 2014 of European Regulation 1024/2013 conferring specific tasks on the European Central Bank concerning policies relating to the prudential supervision of credit institutions and establishing a Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSMR) has profoundly changed the European...

In the wake of the European financial and sovereign debt crisis there is a revived interest in the constitutional position of the European Central Bank (ECB) in the European Union legal order, notably its independence and democratic legitimacy. A new generation of researchers, witnessing and in...

On May 14, 2018, the United States Supreme Court struck down the federal prohibition on sports gambling. The sweeping opinion, authored by Justice Alito, ended more than a quarter-century old policy that kept states from offering sports gambling and therefore, sports betting was confined almost...

This paper analyzes the Judgement rendered on July 15 2021 by the European Court of Justice in Case 911/19 - Fédération Bancaire Française v. Autorité de contrôle prudentiel et de résolution. The Judgment is of paramount importance: it has, indeed, the potential to affect apparently...

This article investigates the potential for regulatory competition within the legal framework of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU). By comparing the legal structures of the EU and the EEU, this article outlines the ways in which regulatory competition is embedded in each of the legal frameworks...

Drawing on the 2016 update of the IMF's Central Bank Legislation Database, this paper examines differences in central bank legal frameworks before and after the Global Financial Crisis. Examples from select countries show that many central bank laws have undergone changes in objectives,...