In this paper, we study the impacts of bilateral investment treaties (BITs) between the EU countries and China on EU home investments. We consider BITs as "treatments" that provide further access to global value chains (GVCs). We identify the causal impacts of the BITs on the relationship...

The EU's Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS) has been shown to have reduced emissions in the participating countries and industries since its adoption in 2005. However, there is less evidence on the shifting of production outside EU to avoid emission controls. We study this so-called carbon leakage...

The current crisis is different from the situation 2008/2009, but again it is a tremendous chal-lenge for the economies across Europe. The Corona-crisis is hitting the economies symmetri-cally, though with differences in magnitude levels, while the 2009 crisis was primarily a crisis of the...