Despite considerable progress regarding Mew Member States' (NMS) nominal convergence with Euro-zone countries, the record is more mixed regarding real/structural convergence. At the same time, almost all NMS face the additional challenge of combining economic and monetary integration with the EU...

In this paper, the well-known convergence programs, implemented by the EU member-states, are closely evaluated. Using descriptive statistical analysis and the changes in the real exchange rates as analytical cornerstone, the paper focuses on the economic performance of the member-states since...

In this paper we examine for both economic convergence and openness convergence across the global economy and within specific regions. We find that convergence in openness is much more profound than income convergence. Moreover, convergence within regions takes place faster than convergence...