argument" in bankruptcy fraud cases. This Article seeks to clarify the existing law and recommend changes to the governing … fraud and describes how debtors perpetrate fraud and how attorneys may be assisting them. It also explains how the … Bankruptcy Code and the Federal Criminal Code currently seek to deter fraud and to punish debtors who commit it …

consumers' beliefs about the credibility of firms' CSR claims, which depend in turn on the (expected) fines for fraud. First, we … likelihood of certification. Second, fraud only arises when the fines for fraud are at intermediate levels and some CSR firms do … not certify their practices. Third, the presence of fraud comes at a cost for firms by inducing lower equilibrium prices …