four case studies on Egypt, Somalia, Sudan, and Yemen. It argues that food security-related policies and programs build …

literature by examining the phasing out of energy subsidies in Egypt under alternative economic scenarios. In particular, we … consider Egypt's short- and long-term economic adjustment under different assumptions on labor market flexibility, spending …

real value of components of aggregate demand in Egypt and Turkey. Design/methodology/approach – Building on a theoretical …. In Egypt, anticipated exchange rate appreciation decreases export growth. Given asymmetry, the net effect of … unanticipated exchange rate fluctuations, in Egypt, decreases real output and consumption growth and increases export growth, on …