-wide studies utilising econometric modelling techniques. The studies examine the transmission channels of the impact of the Russia … heavily on Russia and Ukraine for food and fertiliser imports. …

Poor countries are more volatile than rich countries, and we know this volatility impedes their growth. We also know … that commodity price volatility is a key source of those shocks. This paper explores commodity and manufactures price over … the past three centuries to answer three questions: Has commodity price volatility increased over time? The answer is no …