"This book consists of several theoretical and empirical papers. It is written by distinguished authors working in social and engineering sciences at different universities. Studies show the developments that may occur regarding the new normal life with the effect of Covid-19. The book aims to...

Cryptocurrencies are hidden monies that are specifically created to be used asdigital currencies while assuming the characteristics of real money. Barringthe divergent opinions on whether permitted in Islamic law (that is/are halal)or forbidden in Islamic law (that is/are haram), and for which...

Cryptocurrency has been an emerging phenomena in recent times, it is generally known as digital money. Islamic banking and finance is generally known as non interest banking, it refers to how to raise capital in accordance with the rules of Shariah law which forbids interest, unjust gains and...

In diesem Artikel diskutieren wir die Notwendigkeit von Industriepolitik und die Rolle der Entwicklungsbanken für wirtschaftliche Entwicklung. Der Aufholprozess der Länder des globalen Südens auf das Produktivitätsniveau und den Lebensstandard des globalen Nordens ist die Ausnahme. Dafür...

The catching-up of countries in the Global South to productivity levels and living standards of the Global North is the exception. There are two main economic explanations for this. First, developing countries are pushed to low-tech-labor-intensive productions and tasks in global value chains....

The paper analyzes the effects of land reform on social development - poverty and land distribution - at the local level. Land reform in Colombia, understood as the allocation of public land to peasant, has granted 23 million hectares which comprises around 20% of Colombian territory and about...