and export intensity. We investigate theoretically and empirically how financial constraints affect a firm's innovation … and export activities, using unique firm survey data which provides direct measures for innovations and firm …-specific financial constraints. We find that financial constraints restraint heability of domestically owned firms to innovate and export …

-level data for Korean manufacturing show that more export-intensive industries tend to have a higher productivity level. In … addition, a substantial part of the variance in plant-level productivity is explained by the variance in industry-level export …Does competition enhance productivity growth of a developing economy? Is global competition conducive to economic …

This paper analyzes the economic impact of unions on productivity in the manufacturing sector across six Latin American … paper finds that unions have positive, but mostly small, effects on productivity, with the exception of Argentina, with a … productivity effects barely offset higher union compensation, and that unions are negatively related to investment in capital and R …