The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the shift toward digital services. Meanwhile, the race for technological and economic leadership has heated up, with risks of decoupling that could set back trade and growth and hinder the recovery from the worst global recession since the Great Depression....

The Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) - a system of differential and favorable trade arrangements toward less developed countries - has been around since the early 1970s. A primary objective of GSP schemes, sponsored by developed industrialized countries, especially by the United States...

Policymakers increasingly view China’s rapidly growing wealth as a threat. China currently ranks second, or perhaps even first, in the world in gross domestic product (although 78th in per capita GDP), and the fear is that China will acquire military prowess commensurate with its wealth and...

This paper presents a dynamic general equilibrium model of trade between two advanced countries in which both innovation and skilled acquisition rates are endogenously determined. The model offers a North-North (as opposed to a North-South) trade explanation for increasing relative wage...

According to the Washington Consensus, developing countries’ growth would benefit from reductions in barriers to trade. However, the empirical basis for judging trade reforms is weak. Econometrics are mostly ad hoc; results are typically not judged against models; policies are poorly measured;...

Because international trade theory has not provided an unambiguous prediction on the impact of trade on growth, a vast literature tried to identify the relationship empirically. After summarizing the influential large country case studies of the 1970s and early 1980s - which showed the folly of...

Preliminary results for 2015 have shown no substantial structural changes in both imports and non-energy exports. The import structure is most stable: the percentage share of chemical industry products, which are used basically as by-product in the domestic manufacturing industry, has seen some...

In this paper, we perform different simulations to assess the effect of the Trump administration's international trade policy on the Chinese and American economies in the next five years. To do so, we develop a new economic simulator, namely the “Foreign Trade War Smash Wave Effect Simulator...

Russian exports of services in 2017 grew by 14%. To achieve the export target set by the President's decree of May 7, 2018 to the tune of $100 billion over the next six years, annual growth of 9% will be required. Import of services in 2017 grew by 19% mainly due to 30% increase in traveling...