Sijabat, Rosdiana - In: Economies : open access journal 10 (2022) 4, pp. 1-22
, and gross capital formation in Indonesia from 1970 to 2019, using the augmented Toda-Yamamoto approach with the Granger … activities, thereby leading to GDP in Indonesia. However, despite having a long-run relationship, the study failed to prove a … causal relationship between ODA and GCA in Indonesia. Therefore, there is a need for more optimal foreign aid management to …