Applicability of Wagner's hypothesis to six East Asian countries is studied for a period of nearly a half-century during which their economic growth has often been termed as a "miracle". Despite the high rates of growth in most cases, there is little indication to support the hypothesis except...

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to prove the validity of Wagner's hypothesis. Design/methodology/approach – The paper examines the validity of Wagner's hypothesis with annual data for Turkey over 1950-2005 period. Findings – The empirical results using the ARDL bounds tests of...

We examine the long-run relation and short-run dynamics between energy consumption and output in a panel of 14 oil-exporting countries over 1980–2007. Panel unit root tests, which account for common cross-sectional factors, fail to reject non-stationarity in both variables. Thus, we explore...

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to prove the validity of Wagner's hypothesis. Design/methodology/approach – The paper examines the validity of Wagner's hypothesis with annual data for Turkey over 1950‐2005 period. Findings – The empirical results using the ARDL bounds tests of...