This study examines whether a debt-to-GDP threshold exists in the public debt and economic growth relationship for 20 Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries from 1990 to 2016 using the threshold estimation technique. The empirical results reveal that there is a threshold effect in the...

This paper examines the dynamic linkages between economic growth, fixed investment, and household consumption in Malaysia by using a structural vector error correction model (SVECM) approach. The empirical results revealed that household consumption and fixed investment are only significantly...

This study aims to empirically analyse the influence of an ageing population and fertility rate on economic development for a sample of 98 nations according to their income level from 1990 to 2019. The dynamic heterogeneous panel data technique namely pool-mean group and mean group estimators...