The paper uses the recently available data on growth rates, democracy, protectionism, and wars over the period 1820 to … the effect of democracy on growth, was colonialism economically bad for colonies, does protectionism affect growth … negatively, what is the effect of wars? We find that own democracy has a significant positive impact on growth which increases as …

This brief presents an overview of Ukraine's economy before and during the first ten months of the Russo-Ukraine war …, as well as some preliminary considerations for the post-war economy. Although Ukraine's economic growth trailed many of …'s economic recovery. As long as the war continues, Ukraine's public finances and military efforts must largely be financed by …