We take a long-term perspective (1900-2008) to examine the causal relationship between foreign trade and economic growth for Spain. Results from both Johansen's (1988) and Toda and Yamamoto's (1995) methodologies are quite consistent. For the first six decades of the 20th century, a sub-period...

After two decades of academic debate on the social capital-growth nexus, discussion still remains open. Most of the literature so far, however, has followed the one-size-its-all approach, neglecting that the great disparities across geographical units might have implications in this...