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violence and economic activity, and also generates a proxy to measure the geographic concentration of police forces. Using … Brazil's violence is changing. Recent analyses highlight a trend of dispersion of violence such that homicide rates in urban … panel data across all 26 states from 1995 to 2011, we find evidence of a correlation between dispersion of violence and GDP …
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What accounts for cross-national variation in political clientelism? We consider two prominent explanations, economic wealth and state capacity, and test them on a new dataset of political clientelism. Although economic wealth is a strong predictor of contemporaneous clientelism, especially for...
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We exploit differences in casualties sustained in pre-modern wars to estimate the impact of fiscal capacity on economic performance. In the past, states fought different amounts of external conflicts, of various lengths and magnitudes. To raise the revenues to wage wars, states made fiscal...
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