This study provides critical observations on the state of key global equity markets as recent developments have put into question their efficiency and effectiveness in facilitating capital formation. It covers the top 26 initial public offering (IPO) producing nations, with a particular focus on...

I develop a model of mergers in which M&A deals are used to reallocate investment opportunities. In equilibrium, acquirers lack internal growth options and seek out projects from targets in the M&A market. The model is able to reconcile many features of the merger data that I document, including...

This study examines the impact of the prevalence of long-term equity-based CEO compensation incentives on GDP growth, and we address the moderating role of individualist versus collectivist cultures on this relationship. We argue long-term incentives given to CEOs in some firms may convey to...

We develop a model to illustrate that controlling shareholders choose the level of investor protection that maximizes their own interests. Controlling shareholders in companies with complicated control structures can easily extract private benefits and are thus reluctant to enhance investor...

We develop a model of endogenous lobby formation in which wealth inequalityand political accountability undermine entry and financial development. In-cumbents seek a low level of effective investor protection to prevent potentialentrants from raising capital. They succeed because they can...

Recent empirical evidence has suggested a positive association between various measures of investor protection and financial markets development, and between financial markets development and economic growth. We introduce investor protection in a simple extension of the two-period overlapping...

The primary goal of this paper is to quantify the impact of financing constraints on corporate growth. For this, we use a sample of 1588 firms from the GCC and East Asia during the period 1999-2007. Specifically, we examine the relationships between growth and (1) the availability of internal...

We assess the impact of credit constraints on investment, inventories and other working capital and firm growth with a large panel of small and medium-sized enterprises from 12 European countries for the period 2014-2016. The data come from the Survey on the access to finance of enterprises...