relationship between trade and inequality. Does this reflect a causalrelationship? We adopt the Frankel and Romer (1999 … and inequality. Our cross-country estimates for trade's impact on real income areconsistently positive and significant … inequality.Heeding previous concerns in the literature (e.g. Rodriguez and Rodrik, 2001; Rodrik,Subramanian and Trebbi, 2004), we …