The conflict between Russia and Ukraine that started in March 2014 led Western countries and Russia to impose economic … the economies of Russia and the euro area. The effects of sanctions are analyzed with a structural vector autoregression … model. The sanction shock is identified and separated from the oil price shock by narrative sign restrictions. We find weak …

Following Russia's February invasion of Ukraine and the imposition of sanctions by countries worldwide, Russian … by Russia's annexation of Crimea. Unconditional quantile regressions are applied to 2000-2016 surveys to estimate the …

The marked turnaround in Russia's foreign trade in 2023 exerted strong downward pressure on the Russian rouble, which … Russian oil depressed prices even further; and on top of all that, Russia lost a large slice of what has historically been its …