-variance frontiers both for individual countries and for the world, and compute countries' distances to each. We find that as countries …

) emissions per capita. World Bank 1992 study claims that pollution rises with income, but at a slower and slower speed and …This paper tests the effect of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita on pollution, measured by carbon dioxide (CO2 …-hypothesis") between CO2 emissions per capita and GDP per capita in a cross-section of world countries with data from 2000, thus proving …

The relationship between per capita income and a number of pollution indicators has been found to display an inverted U …-shaped or downward-sloping pattern. Corruption may affect this relationship in two distinct ways: by raising pollution at given …. Using cross section data for several indicators of pollution, the paper estimates the direct and the indirect effect of …