Unlike other economies, family businesses in China are greatly affected by the derived Confucian culture, excessive marketization, as well as the seemingly endless institutional supervision by a transitional Chinese government. China has a strong historical legacy, devoted to patriarchal values...

1. Introduction -- 2. Household and Family -- 3. Family: economic, social, and educational functions -- 4. Characteristics of the Chinese family system -- 5. Society and family clans in modern China -- 6. Transformation of family clans in modern China and the rise of family enterprises -- 7. The...

The paper presents a statistical generalisation, to working families in the whole of Britain, of Rowntree's finding that absolute poverty declined dramatically in York between 1899 and 1936. We use poverty lines devised by contemporary social investigators and two relatively newly-discovered...