The article looks to the status of Portugal-China bilateral relations in the context of an enormous trade deficit, the fading of Portuguese economic interests in Macao and China, and the removal of China as a vector of Portugal foreign policy. The author stresses that the causes of the...

During its independence, post-Communist Georgia has not been able to create an economic system that would serve as the basis for its sustainable economic development. Neither have the reforms conducted after the "Rose Revolution" met the expectations. A consumer economy, typical for poor...

The process leading to WTO accession is complex, requires solid domestic coordination mechanisms in the acceding country, a rethinking of its economic and trade policies and significant domestic structural reforms. It often implies the creation of new institutions designed to coordinate and...

In the 1990s, the CIS region experienced a painful transformation following the collapse of the USSR and the command economy. For the less developed republics of the former USSR, this process was even more dramatic as they lost subsidies from the Union's budget and some of them suffered...

The Orange Revolution in the fall of 2004 built great hopes for a better future for Ukraine. However, three years later those hopes have been replaced by disappointment, frustration and confusion. Although progress in the areas of political freedom, pluralism, civil rights and freedom in the...

In an interconnected world, economic and political interests inevitably reach beyond national borders. Since policy choices generate external economic and political costs, foreign state and non-state actors have an interest in inflencing policy actions in other sovereign countries to their...

Rapid trade-led economic growth in emerging Asia has been shifting the global economic and industrial centres of gravity away from the north Atlantic, raising the importance of Asia in world trade but also altering the commodity composition of trade by Asia and other regions. What began with...

The robust empirical finding that exporting firms are systematically different from firms that merely serve domestic consumers has inspired the development of a new brand of trade theory, the theory of heterogeneous firms and trade. The establishment of a canonical model due to Melitz (2003) has...

The robust empirical finding that exporting firms are systematically different from firms that merely serve domestic consumers has inspired the development of a new brand of trade theory, the theory of heterogeneous firms and trade. The establishment of a canonical model due to Melitz (2003) has...

This paper first looks at the considerable progress made during the Doha Round in the context of the NAMA negotiations on non-tariff measures (NTMs) and discusses ways in which to retain the forward momentum as the WTO struggles to define its negotiating agenda for the next few years. The paper...