Economic policy and business strategy are largely developed in a secular context with little or no reference to religious principles. There are few organisations, apart from those facilitating worship, that pay much attention to religious principles. This chapter shows that religious principles...

Resource misallocation can lower aggregate total factor productivity (TFP).We use microdata on manufacturing establishments to quantify the potential extent of misallocation in China and India versus the United States. We measure sizable gaps in marginal products of labor and capital across...

In the aftermath of sovereign default of August 1998, the hypothesis of virtual economy in Russia developed by Gaddy and Ickes has gained popularity. The hypothesis states that the country has not moved towards free-market economy but developed a system of implicit price subsidization similar to...

Adoption of NEP in 1990-91 was designed primarily to replace slowly growing closed Indian economy by rapidly growing open economy. The study determines the degree of openness of Indian economy and the profile of time path traversed towards this goal under NEP. The opening up of the closed...