The economic returns to education in transition countries have been extensively evaluated in the literature. The … present study contributes to this literature by estimating the returns to education in Georgia during the last transition … period 2000–04. We find very low returns to education in Georgia and little evidence of an increasing trend in the returns …

conditional and unconditional quantile treatment effects for education and for migrant status. Particular attention is paid to … education are significant, especially when we account for endogeneity; (2) long-term migrants seem disadvantaged, mainly due to … account for endogeneity in education. …

ability. We show that compulsory schooling can move a society from elite education to mass education, which then triggers …We propose an innovation-driven growth model in which education is determined by family background and cognitive …, compulsory education is implemented first and triggers the onset of market R&D. According to the British way, market R&D is …

For most of human history there existed a well-educated and innovative elite whereas mass education, market R&D, and … cognitive ability. Compulsory schooling can move society from elite education to mass education. An interaction between … model for the very long run in which the individual-specific return to education is conceptualized as an compound of …

model of 'meritocracy' (allocation to available class positions by qualifications alone taking account of the empirical … necessary and sufficient conditions in our modelled meritocracy for reaching the PMT class. By comparison of these conditions …

notion of fair meritocracy. Singapore's race policy attempts to level the playing field through its unique race-based self … a fair multiracial meritocracy is assessed. …