its total fertility rate. At the household level, it has also been well documented that children's education is negatively … policymakers and researchers evaluate the total benefit of family planning policies, both policies to lower fertility and policies …

For more than a hundred years, advances in development were associated with decreasing fertility rates. This led to … total fertility rates far below replacement level in most developed countries. However, during the last decade fertility … human development index (HDI) with the total fertility rate (TFR) reverses from negative (increases in HDI are associated …

its total fertility rate. At the household level, it has also been well documented that children's education is negatively … policymakers and researchers evaluate the total benefit of family planning policies, both policies to lower fertility and policies …

Twin births are often used to instrument fertility to address (negative) selection of women into fertility. However …, twin-IV estimates will tend to be upward biased. This is pertinent given the emerging consensus that fertility has limited …